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A key insight or dreconceptualization
Kruchość, antykruchość oraz odporność systemu

You see a Key Concept, one of the most important principles according to which the world in general and the world of people operate.

These concepts are referenced throughout the Patterns series, including the Patterns for Victory series and Us or Them!. A concise summary and two or three key examples are provided at the beginning of each volume. See other key reconceptualizations.

A key concept in a book Forces of Psychohistory

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The Book's presentation Other insights from this book PDF

Fragility, antifragility and system resilience

Continuing, systems thinking means having the ability to find critical points. Whoever better understands how an attack will disrupt the entire system (e.g., knows the location of the critical point whose disruption will lead to a knockout) has victory in their pocket.

Fragility is the susceptibility of a system to destructive stimuli. A porcelain cup is fragile. A hammer blow will destroy it. A rubber ball demonstrates resilience – an identical hammer blow will cause it to deform, and when the impact is removed, it will return to its original shape.

But there is another inverse of fragility – antifragility. This is a characteristic of systems, especially homeostatic ones, that causes the system to increase its resistance to subsequent occurrences of a destructive stimulus. In other words: what doesn't kill us makes us stronger.6 Biological organisms are antifragile thanks to the immune system and vaccines: subsequent infections with the same or similar pathogens are combated with increasing effectiveness. Armies fighting each other also exhibit antifragility: they learn to counter and use ever new tactics or strategies invented by the opponent.

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